倭王、卑弥呼
邪馬台国は日本の祖
魏志倭人伝（口語訳、英訳解読）
邪馬台国は、宮崎平野を中心にして、南九州の縄文系隼人の国と対立しながらも、投馬国（筑紫、熊本）を始めとして、九州全域３０か国を統率していた。卑弥呼は、死後、日向・高千穂に埋葬された。
魏志倭人伝（AD238）での著者
中国の歴史書『三国志』中の「魏書」第30巻烏丸鮮卑東夷伝、倭人条の略称。当時、日本列島にいた民族・住民の倭人（日本人）の習俗や地理などについて書かれている。『三国志』は、西晋の陳寿により3世紀末（280年（呉の滅亡）- 297年（陳寿の没年）の間）に書かれ、陳寿の死後、中国では正史として重んじられた[2]
出生：光和4年（181年）
死去：建興12年（234年）
五丈原
死せる孔明生ける仲達を走らす
ウイキペディア出典
予備知識
① 倭国は日本列島全体を指す。
１世紀から３世紀にかけては100あまりの小国が存在していたこと。 邪馬台国はそのうち30国ほどを従えた大国とされています。
⓶ 魏志倭人伝は2書あること。
１）委奴国（北九州の奴国）
西暦57年に後漢の光武帝から「漢委奴国王」の印を奴国の王に贈られています。
２）邪馬台国（所在は論争中）
西暦238年魏の曹叡帝から「金印紫綬と王号」を邪馬台国女王卑弥呼に賜与されました。邪馬台国は、宮崎平野を中心にして、南九州の縄文系隼人の国と対立しながらも、投馬国（筑紫、熊本）を始めとして、九州全域３０か国を統率していた。卑弥呼は、死後、日向・高千穂に埋葬された。
検証方法は、
古事記及び日本書記の記載内容で、魏志倭人伝を検証しないことが重要です。魏史倭人伝を魏志倭人伝の記述から検証する。
魏志倭人伝２
西晋の陳寿書・翻訳文
ナンバー記入筆者
１，倭人は帯方郡の東南、大海の中に在る。山がちの島に身を寄せて、国家機能を持つ集落を作っている。昔は百余国で、漢の時、朝見する者がいた。今、交流の可能な国は三十国である。
Wei-Jin Dynasty, Japan
The Japanese are located in the southeast of Obihang County, in the great sea. Huddled together on an island in the mountains, they have established a settlement that functions as a state. In the past, there were more than a hundred countries, and during the Han Dynasty, there were those who had an imperial visit. Now, the number of countries that can be exchanged is 30.
２，（帯方）郡から倭に至るには、海岸に従い水上を行く。韓国を通り過ぎ、南へ行ったり東へ行ったりして、その（＝倭の）北岸の狗邪韓国に到着する。七千余里である
（To get to Yamato from (Obihang) County, follow the coast and go on the water. Passing through Korea, they go south and east, and arrive at Gudeokorea on its (=Wa's) northern shore. It is more than 7,000 ri.
３，（狗邪韓国から）始めて一海を渡り、千余里で対海（※対馬）国に至る。その大官はヒコウといい、副官はヒドボリという。
(From Goujakkoku) they first cross one sea, and reach Tsushima (Tsushima) Province in a thousand-odd ri. The chief official is called Hikou, and his second-in-command is called Hidobori.
４，居する所は、近寄り難い島で、およそ四百余里四方。土地（※対馬国、対海国）は、山が険しくて深い林が多く、道路は鳥や鹿の道のようである。千余戸の家がある。良田は無く海産物を食べて自活している。船に乗って九州や韓国へ行き、商いして穀物を買い入れている
His place of residence is an inaccessible island, about 400-odd li square. The land (Tsushima Province and Tsushima Sea Province) is steep and deeply wooded, and the roads are like the paths of birds and deer. There are more than 1,000 houses. There are no good rice paddies, and people subsist on marine products. They go to Kyushu and Korea by ship to trade and buy grain.
５，（対海国から）また、南に一海を渡る、千余里、名はカン海という。一大国（※壱岐）に至る。官は、亦（※対馬と同様）、ヒコウ（※）といい、副はヒドゥボリという。
(※）壱岐と対馬は女王に属さず、長官は狗古智卑狗（その南に狗奴国あり。男子を王となす、その官に狗古智卑狗あり）『魏書』東夷伝）（※）
(From Tsushima, he crosses a sea to the south, a thousand-odd ri, and his name is Kanghae. He reached a great country. The governor is called Hikou (as in Tsushima), and his deputy is called Hidubori.
６，（一大国の）大きさはおよそ三百里四方。竹、木、草むら、林が多い。三千ばかりの家がある。いくらかの田地があるが、住民を養うには足りないので、対馬と同じ様に九州や韓国へ行き、商いして穀物を買い入れている。
（The size of this land is about 300 li square. There are many bamboos, trees, grass, and forests. There are about 3,000 houses. There are some rice fields, but not enough to feed the people, so they go to Kyushu and Korea to buy grain through trade, just as Tsushima does.
７，（一大国から）また、一海を渡ること千余里で、バツロ国に至る。四千余戸があり、山と海すれすれに沿って住んでいる。草木が盛んに茂り、行く時、前の人が見えない。魚やアワビを好んで捕り(※）、水の深浅にかかわらず、皆、潜ってこれを取っている。
(※）海洋系縄文人の系統と思われる。ポリネシアンであろう。
(From Ichi Daigoku), they crossed the sea for more than 1,000 ri to reach the Land of Baturo. There are more than 4,000 houses, and they live along the mountains and the sea. The vegetation is so thick that they cannot see the people in front of them when they go. They like to catch fish and abalone, and dive for them regardless of the depth of the water.
８，（末盧国から）東南に陸上を五百里行くとイト国（※）もねに到着する。官はジシといい、副はエイボコ、ヘイキョコという。千余戸が有る。代々、王があり、皆、女王国に従属している。（帯方）郡の使者が往来し、常に滞在する所である。
(※）伊都国（糸島）王都は糸島市の三雲・井原遺跡群、曽根遺跡群一帯と特定されています。
If you go 500 ri southeast on land, you will arrive at Ito-gu. The officials are called Jishi, and the deputies are called Eiboko and Heikyoko. There are more than 1,000 houses. There have been kings from generation to generation, all of whom are subordinate to the queen state. （It is a place where the envoys of the county come and go, and always stay.
糸島（伊都）
平原遺跡（福岡県糸島市有田1）出土した銅鏡の枚数は、弥生時代としては日本一。大きな銅鏡。東側の日向峠（ひなたとうげ）からは、春と秋に太陽が昇ります。つまり。田植えと稲刈りの時期がこれでわかったというわけなのです。
９，（伊都国から）東南、ドゥ国に至る。百里である。官はシバコといい、副はヒドゥボリという。二万余戸がある
（It is southeast of Itsukuni to Duguni. It is 100 ri in length. The official is called Shibako, and the deputy is called Hidubori. There are more than 20,000 houses.
10、（奴国から）東に行き、フウビ国に至る。百里。官はタボといい、副官はヒドゥボリという。千余りの家がある。
(From Itsukoku) Go eastward to Huubi Province. One hundred li. The governor is called Tabo, and his deputy is called Hidubori. There are more than a thousand houses.
次の国は奴國。金印「漢委奴国王」出土したのは志賀島（福岡県福岡市東区）です。奴国の王都は春日市の須玖岡本遺跡を中心とする須玖遺跡群（すぐいせきぐん）と特定されています。当時の日本では最大規模の青銅器工房がありました。
不彌國（ふみこく／不弥国）はまだ特定されていません。「宇美説（粕屋）」3世紀の糟屋郡内最大の前方後円墳である「光正寺古墳」が王墓と推測しています。
11、（不弥国から）南、投馬国に至る。水行二十日(※１）である。官はビビといい、副はビビダリという。およそ五万余戸（※２）
(From Fubi Province) southward to Touma Province. It is a 20-day journey by water. The chief officer is called Bibi, and his deputy is called Bibidari. There are about 50,000 houses.
英文を解釈する
不弥国の南(※１）
工程は水行20日(※２）
投馬国に至る
５万戸(※３）
弥生時代の遺跡分布図
九州国立博物館出典
※１、２．３の条件に適合。投馬国の所在地
１）宮崎平野、
九州東岸沿いに下って宮崎平野へでる。
２）筑紫平野、
佐賀の北沿岸沿いを回って筑紫平野へでる。
※１に不適合、※２※３の条件に適合
３）瀬戸内海路で岡山平野。
４）瀬戸内海路で讃岐平野。
５）日本海航路で出雲平野。
(注）後の記述からいずに投馬国の位置を判断します。邪馬台国（権力の中枢）の位置から推測します。
12、（投馬国から）南、邪馬壱（ヤバヰ）国に至る。女王が都を置く所である。水行十日、陸行一月（※１）である。官にイシバがある。次はビバショウといい、次はビバクヮシといい、次をドカテイという。およそ七万余戸(※２）。
（It leads south to Yabawi Province. This is where the queen has her capital. The journey by water is ten days and by land one month. The next is called Bibasho, and the next is called Bibasho. The next is called Bibasho, the next Bibakwashi, and the next Dokatei. There are about 70,000 households.
邪馬台国の位置
条件
投馬国から南(※１）
海路10日(※２）
陸路１ヶ月(※３）
７万戸（※４）
【Ａ】
※１，２，３、４
条件適合
【邪馬台国は宮崎平野】
投馬国筑紫から
有明海を南下10日
九州西岸から東岸へ
陸行1か月・宮崎平野へ
【B】
方角を無視
【邪馬台国は奈良盆地】
（B-1）
投馬国は出雲
海路10日で若狭へ
陸路1か月で奈良盆地へ
（B-２）
投馬国は吉備
海路10日で姫路へ
陸路1か月で奈良盆地へ
(B-3)
投馬国は讃岐
海路10日で姫路へ
陸路1か月で奈良盆地へ
詳細後述
１）邪馬台国の可能性は、耕作地に限定すれば湖が干上がって原野となり水田適地となった「奈良盆地」が権力中枢の適格地です。後に大和政権が誕生する地です。
【A】邪馬台国は宮崎平野（日向）を検証
（A-1)投馬国は筑紫平野です。
投馬国筑紫から有明海を南下10日、九州西岸から東岸へ、陸行1か月・宮崎平野です。指令系統に難がありますが、伊都国が前線司令塔の記載が後述されてきます。
【Ｂ】邪馬台国は奈良盆地を検証
1～2世紀に邪馬台国が奈良にあったなら「古事記」「日本書記」が一切言及せず、BC660年、九州日向から初代天皇の東征が奈良へ向かって行こなわれ、大和政権が始めて樹立される「記述は異常に不思議」です。しかし、方位を無視して、工程記述のみの判断では奈良盆地が最適です。
（B-1)投馬国は出雲です。
奈良盆地から逆算すると、陸行1か月の地域は越前（若狭湾）です。奈良から琵琶湖沿岸を通り、滋賀から若狭へ山越します。1か月の工程で通過できます。水行10日は若狭から出雲までの工程です。当時の海路の一般的な航路です。
（B-2)投馬国は吉備（B-3)投馬国は讃岐は水陸工程のバランスが悪い。
当時は、瀬戸内海航路は一般的ではないようです。
【A、B】仮説は、後述記載との適合性で再検証しましょう。
AD57,後漢の使者・日向行
AD249魏の張政来日
邪馬台国畿内説は後述条件に
合いません。
【筆者挿入】
【邪馬台国の所在混沌となる】
魏志倭人伝日程１：卑弥呼AD247年朝貢。2年後、魏の張政来日記録である。
魏志倭人伝記事２：中国からAD57年の日向国への来日記事と重ねた。
張政は帯方郡を出発。朝鮮半島を南下、対馬海峡を渡る。伊都国に着いた。伊都国で邪馬台国までの案内人に導かれた移動する。瀬戸内海航路を行く。吉備国の吉備津に着くまでが20日。投馬国と認識した。
吉備津から大和盆地の大和湖までは海路10日。張政は邪馬台国に入国、卑弥呼が亡くなった直後であった。日本書紀崇神11年に外国人が多数やってきたと記録されている。張政一行のことであろう。卑弥呼の御陵である箸墓が完成するまで張政は大和にいた。AD266年、卑弥呼（台与）が張政を晋に送り届けた。
古事記及び日本書記の記載内容で、魏志倭人伝を検証しないことが重要です。魏史倭人では魏志倭人伝で検証する。
13、女王国より以北は、その戸数や距離をおおよそ記載出来るが、その他の国は遠くて情報もなく、詳しく知ることは出来ない。次にシバ国が有る。次にシハクシ国が有る。次にイヤ国が有る。次にトシ国が有る。次にミドゥ国が有る。次にカウコト国が有る。次にフウコ国が有る。次にシャドゥ国が有る。次にタイソ国が有る。次にソドゥ国が有る。次にコイフ国が有る。次にカドゥソドゥ国が有る。次にキ国が有る。次にヰゴ国が有る。次にキドゥ国が有る。次にヤバ国が有る。次にキュウシン国が有る。次にハリ国が有る。次にシユイ国が有る。次にヲドゥ国が有る。次にドゥ国が有る。ここは女王の境界の尽きる所である。
The number of households and distances north of the Queen Country can be approximated, but the rest of the country is too far away for us to know much about it. Next is the country of Sheba. Next comes Shihakshi Province. Then there is Iya. Next, there is Toshi. Next, there is the country of Midu. Then there is Kaukoto Country Then there is Fuco Then there is Shadu Country. Then there is Taiso Country Then there is Sodu Then there is Koihu Country. Then there is Kadu Sodu Then there is Ki Then there is Igo Then there is Kidu Country Then there is Yaba Country Then there is Kyushin Country Then there is Hari Then there is Shiyui Country Then there is Wodu Country Then comes the Land of Doo. This is the enくまもと the boundary of the Queen Country.
女王国より以北
と
女王の境界の尽きる所
１）奈良盆地では対応しない
２）宮崎平野では対応可能
14、その（女王国の）南に狗奴（コウド、コウドゥ）国があり、男子が王になっている。その官に狗古智卑狗（コウコチヒコウ）がある。女王には属していない。帯方郡から女王国に至るには、万二千余里である。
To the south of this (queen country) is the country of Koudu, where a man is king. To the south of it (the queen's kingdom) there is the kingdom of Koukouchihikou, where a male is king, and its governor is Koukouchihikou. It does not belong to the Queen. It is more than 10,お200 ri from Obihang-gun to the queen's kingdom.
15、男子はおとな、子供の区別無く、みな顔と体に入れ墨している。いにしえより以来(※）、その使者が中国に来たときには、みな大夫を自称した。
（※）AD57年以来の朝献
All the boys, regardless of whether they are adults or children, have tattoos on their faces and bodies. Since ancient times, when their envoys came to China, they all called themselves "Da Fu.
16、夏后の少康の子は、会稽に領地を与えられると、髪を切り、体に入れ墨して蛟龍の害を避けた。今、倭の水人は、沈没して魚や蛤を捕ることを好み、入れ墨はまた大魚や水鳥を押さえる為であったが、後には次第に飾りとなった。諸国の入れ墨はそれぞれに異なって、左にあったり、右にあったり、大きかったり、小さかったり、身分によっても違いがある
When the son of Shaokang, the Empress of Xia, was given land in Huaihe, he cut his hair and had tattoos on his body to avoid the harm of the dragon. The Japanese watermen now like to sink and catch fish and clams, and their tattoos were also used to hold back large fish and waterfowl, but later they gradually became decorative. Tattoos in different countries are different from each other, some are on the left, some on the right, some are large, some are small, and some are different depending on the status of the person.
南に
狗奴（コウド）国
男子が王
女王には属していない
男子は
おとな、子供の区別無く、
みな顔と体に入れ墨
魚や蛤を捕ることを好み
奈良盆地には対応しない。宮崎の南部は隼人（南方系縄文人）の地域
17、その風俗はみだらではない。男子は皆、（何もかぶらず）結った髪を露出しており、木綿で頭を縛り付けている。その着物は横幅が有り、ただ結び付けてつなげているだけで、ほとんど縫っていない。婦人はおでこに髪を垂らし、（後ろ髪を）折り曲げて結っている。一重の掛け布団のような衣をつくり、その中央に穴をあけ、そこに頭を入れて着ている
The custom was not slutty. All the boys have their hair tied back (without any covering) and their heads tied up with cotton. Their kimonos are wide and are merely tied together, with little or no stitching. The woman's hair hangs down over her forehead and is tied back in a fold. They make a one-layered quilt-like garment, cut a hole in the center of it, and put their heads in it.
18、稲やカラムシを栽培し、養蚕する。紡いで目の細かいカラムシの布やカトリ絹、絹わたを生産している。その土地には牛、馬、虎、豹、羊、カササギがいない。
They cultivate rice and calamus, and raise silkworms. They spin and produce fine kalamushi cloth, katori silk, and silk wadding. The land has no cattle, horses, tigers, leopards, sheep, or magpies.
19、器には矛、盾、木の弓を用いる。木の弓は下が短く上が長い。竹の矢は鉄や骨の鏃を付ける。持っている物、いない物は儋耳、朱崖（の人々）と同じである。
They use a spear, a shield, and a wooden bow as their weapons. Wooden bows are short at the bottom and long at the top. Bamboo arrows are attached with iron or bone arrowheads. The objects they have or do not have are the same as those of the people of Hwangji and Chu Cliff.
衣服の様子
弓矢・鉄や骨の矢じり
観察は詳細
牛や馬はいない
虎、豹、羊、カササギがいない
古代の馬は小ぶり
20、倭地は温暖で、冬でも夏でも生野菜を食べている。みな裸足である。屋根、部屋がある。父母と兄弟は別の所で寝る。赤い顔料をその体に塗るが、それは中国で粉おしろいを使うようなものである。
The climate in Japan is warm, and they eat fresh vegetables in both winter and summer. Everyone is barefoot. They have roofs and rooms. Parents and siblings sleep in separate rooms. Red pigment is applied to their bodies, similar to the use of powdered face powder in China.
21、食飲には、竹を編んだ高坏、木をくりぬいた高坏を用い、手づかみで食べる。
For eating and drinking, they use a woven bamboo bowl or a hollowed wooden bowl, and eat with their hands.
倭地は温暖で、
冬でも夏でも
生野菜を食べている。
手づかみで食べる
みな裸足
赤い顔料をその体に塗る
邪馬台国の南は強い縄文人DNAの地域を示す
東京大学理学系研究科の大橋順准教授（人類遺伝学）らが調べたところ、縄文人の影響度が高めに残るのは沖縄県と九州や東北の各県で、低めなのは近畿と四国だった。
縄文人の遺伝的寄与の比較。色が濃いほど沖縄県に近く、縄文人の寄与が高めであることを示す=大橋さん提供
22、人が死ぬと、棺に収めるが、（その外側の入れ物である）槨はない。土で封じて盛った墓を作る。始め、死んでから停喪（かりもがり）する期間は十余日。その当時は肉を食べず、喪主は泣き叫び、他人は歌い踊って酒を飲む。埋葬が終わると一家そろって水の中に入り、洗ったり浴びたりするが、それは（一周忌に白い絹の喪服を着て沐浴する）中国の練沐のようなものである。
When a person dies, he or she is placed in a coffin, but without burial chamber (the outer container). A burial chamber is made of earth. In the beginning, the period of mourning was ten days or more after death. At that time, no meat was eaten, the mourners wept and cried, and others sang, danced, and drank alcohol. After the burial, the whole family would go into the water together to wash and bathe, similar to the Chinese practice of "neribu" (bathing in white silk mourning clothes on the first anniversary of the death of a loved one).
23、海を渡って行き来し中国を訪れる時は、常に一人に、頭をくしけずらせず、シラミを取らせず、衣服をアカで汚したままにさせ、肉を食べさせず、婦人に近づかせないで喪中の人のようにさせる。これをジサイという。もし無事に行けたなら、皆でジサイに生口や財物を対価として与えるが、もし病気になったり、危険な目にあったりすると、これを殺そうとする。そのジサイに至らぬところがあったというわけである
Whenever one travels across the sea to visit China, one should always let one person comb his head, not remove lice, leave his clothes stained with red, not eat meat, and not go near women, as if he were a person in mourning. This is called jisai. If the jisai is able to go safely, everyone gives it fresh food and goods as compensation, but if it falls ill or is in danger, they try to kill it. The reason is that the jisai had a faulty character.
24、真珠や青玉を産出する。その山には丹がある。その木はタブノキ（枏＝楠）、コナラ（杼）、クロモジ（橡）、クスノキ（樟）、クヌギ（楺櫪）、カシ（投橿）、ヤマグワ（烏號）、フウ（楓香）がある。その竹はササ（篠）、ヤダケ（簳）、？（桃支）である。ショウガや橘、山椒、ミョウガなどがあるが、それを使って、うまみを出すことを知らない。アカゲザルや黒キジがいる。
It produces pearls and jade. On that mountain there is tan. Its trees include the tabunoki (camphor tree), konara (shuttlecock), kuromoji (gum tree), camphor tree, sawtooth oak (Quercus acuta), oak (Quercus serrata), yamaguwa (oak), and hu (Chinese fennel). The bamboos are the sasa (shino), yadake (cornetfish), and ? (桃支). There is ginger, tangerine, sansho (山椒), and myoga (ミョウガ), but they do not know how to use them to produce umami. There are rhesus monkeys and black pheasants.
25、その風俗では、何かをする時や、何処かへ行き来する時、気がかりがあると、すぐさま骨を焼いて卜し吉凶を占う。先に卜する目的を告げるが、その言葉は中国の占いである令亀法に似ている。火によって出来た裂け目を見て、兆しを占うのである。
In their custom, when they are about to do something or go somewhere, or when they have a concern, they immediately burn the bones and make a divination of good or bad luck. The purpose of the divination is announced first, and the words used are similar to those of the Chinese divination method called "Reigui Hou" (the method of the tortoise). The omens are divined by looking at the cracks created by the fire.
骨を焼いて卜し吉凶を占う
26、その会合での立ち居振る舞いに、父子や男女の区別はない。人は酒を好む性質がある。
There is no distinction between father and son or man and woman in their behavior at the meeting. People have a propensity for drinking.
27、大人を見て敬意を表すときは、ただ手をたたくのみで、跪いて拝む代わりとしている。人々は長寿で或いは百歳、或いは八、九十歳の者もいる。
When they see an adult and pay their respects, they only clap their hands, instead of kneeling down to worship him or her. The people are long-lived, some a hundred years old, others eight or ninety.
敬意を表すときは、
ただ手をたたくのみ
人々は長寿で或いは百歳、
或いは八、九十歳の者もいる。
28、その習俗では、国の大人はみな四、五人の妻を持ち、下戸でも二、三人の妻を持つ場合がある。婦人は貞節で嫉妬しない。窃盗せず、訴訟も少ない。その法を犯すと軽いものは妻子を没し（奴隷とし）、重いものはその門戸や宗族を没する。尊卑にはそれぞれ差や序列があり、上の者にそれぞれ臣服して保たれている。
According to the custom, every adult in the country has four or five wives, and even a humble man may have two or three wives. The women are chaste and not jealous. They do not steal, and there are few lawsuits. If they violate the law, the lighter ones forfeit their wives and children (and become slaves), and the heavier ones forfeit their gate or clan. There is a difference and a hierarchy between the nobility and the nobility, and they are maintained by being subject to their superiors.
29、租税を収め、高床の大倉庫がある。国々に市があって有無を交易し、大倭にこれを監督させている。
Taxes are collected and there are large warehouses on stilts. There are fairs in each country to trade in goods and services, and they are supervised by the Yamato.
大人はみな四、五人の妻を持ち
30、女王国より北は、特に一人の大率を置いて検察する。諸国はこれを恐れはばかっている。常に伊都国で政務を執っている。（魏）国中に於ける刺史の如きものである
North of the Queen Country, there is a great leader who is in charge of the prosecution. The nations are afraid of this. He is always in charge of government affairs in Itsukoku. （He is like a prick in the land of Wei.
常に
伊都国で政務を執っている。
邪馬台国の卑弥呼は
宮崎・日向にいた
（神谷昭仮説）
邪馬台国の前線司令部は伊都国
31、（邪馬壱国の）王が使者を派遣し、魏の都や帯方郡、諸韓国に行く時、及び帯方郡の使者が倭国へやって来た時には、いつも、（この大率が伊都国から） 港に出向いて調査、確認する。文書や授けられた贈り物を伝送して女王のもとへ届けるが、数の違いや間違いは許されない。
（Whenever the king dispatches an envoy to the capital of Wei, Obihang-gun, or Korea, or whenever an envoy from Obihang-gun comes to Japan, he (this great leader) goes to the port (from Itsu-koku) to investigate and confirm. Documents and gifts given are to be transmitted and delivered to the queen, but no error or difference in number is allowed.
32、下層階級の者が道路で貴人に出逢ったときは、後ずさりして（道路脇の）草に入る（＝道を譲る）。言葉を伝えたり、物事を説明する時には、しゃがんだり、跪いたりして、両手を地に付けうやうやしさを表現する。貴人の返答の声は『アイ』という。（中国で承知したことを表す）然諾と同じようなものである。
When a person of the lower ranks encounters a nobleman on the road, he must back away and enter the grass (i.e., give way) (on the side of the road). When they are speaking or explaining something, they should stoop or kneel down, and put their hands on the ground to express their gratitude. The nobleman's voice in reply is "ai. （The voice of the nobleman's reply is called "ai," which is the same as "nen nokou" (Chinese for "I understand").
33、その国は元は男子を王としていたが、居住して七、八十年で、倭国は乱れ、互いに攻撃しあって年を経た。そこで、一女子を共に立てて王と為した。名は卑弥呼という。鬼道の祀りを行い人々をうまく惑わせた。非常に高齢で、夫はいないが、弟がいて国を治めるのを助けている。
The country originally had a male king, but after 70 or 80 years of residence, the Japanese were in disorder, and years passed in which they attacked each other. So, a girl was appointed king with him. Her name was Himiko. She performed the worship of Onimichi and misled the people. She was very old and had no husband, but she had a younger brother who helped her rule the land.
34、王となってから、朝見のできた者はわずかである。侍女千人がいて、（指示もなく）自律的に仕え、ただ男子一人がいて、飲食物を運んだり言葉を伝えたりするため、女王の住んでいる所へ出入りしている。宮殿や高楼は城柵が厳重に作られ、常に武器を持った人が守衛している。
Since he became king, only a few people have been able to visit him. There are a thousand maids of honor, who serve autonomously (without instructions), and only one man, who goes in and out of the queen's residence to bring food and drink and to deliver words. The palaces and high buildings are heavily fortified with fences and are guarded by armed men at all times.
35、女王国の東、海を渡って千余里で、また国が有り、皆、倭種である。
A thousand miles to the east of the queen's kingdom, across the sea, there is another country, all of which are Japanese.
女王国の東、
海を渡って・・・
国があり・・・倭種である。
宮崎を拠点とした九州の東を見ると
海があり、渡れば国があり
倭人たちがいる
36、また、侏儒国がその（女王国の）南にある。人の背丈は三、四尺（72cm~96cm）で、女王国を去ること四千余里。また裸国と黒歯国があり、またその（女王国の）東南にある。船で一年ほど行くと着くことができる。
Also, to the south of the Queen Country is the country of Confucius. The height of a man is three or four feet (72cm~96cm), and he is 4,000-odd ri away from the land of the queen. There is also the Land of Nakedness and the Land of Black Teeth, also to the southeast of the (Queen Country). It can be reached after about a year's travel by ship.
邪馬台国の南に
身の丈の小さな裸国がある
東南に1年ほどで着く
37、倭地を考えてみると、孤立した海中の島々の上にあり、離れたり連なったり、すみずみまで巡って五千余里ほどである。
The land of Yamato is on a7 group of isolated islands in the sea, separated from each other or connected to each other, and is about 5,000-odd ri in length.
38、景初二年（238）六月、倭の女王は、大夫の難升米等を派遣して帯方郡に至り、天子にお目通りして献上品をささげたいと求めた。太守の劉夏は官吏を派遣し、難升米等を京都（洛陽）まで引率して送りとどけさせた。その年の十二月、詔書が倭の女王に報いて、こう言う。
In June of the 2nd year of the King's reign (238), the Queen of Japan dispatched her husband, Nansung Rice, and other officials to Obihang County, and asked to meet the Prince of Heaven to offer him a gift. The governor Liu Xia dispatched an official to escort Nansungmei and others to Kyoto (Luoyang). In the twelfth month of the same year, an imperial decree was issued to the Japanese queen, saying
39、制詔、親魏倭王卑弥呼。帯方太守、劉夏が使者を派遣し、汝の大夫、難升米と次使、都市牛利、汝の献上した男の生口四人、女の生口六人、班布二匹二丈をささげて到着した。汝の住んでいる所は遠いという表現を超えている。すなわち使者を派遣し、貢ぎ献じるのは汝の忠孝のあらわれである。私は汝をはなはだいとおしく思う。今、汝を以て親魏倭王と為し、金印紫綬を与え、装い、封をして帯方太守に付託することで仮りに授けておく。汝は部族の者を安んじ落ち着かせることで、（私に）孝順を為すよう勤めなさい。
This is an imperial rescript, pro-Wei King Himiko of Japan. Liu Xia, the governor of Obifang, dispatched an envoy, and your husband, Nansho Yomei, and your second envoy, Toshi Uri, arrived with four men and six women, and two lengths of cloth for the two men and two lengths of cloth for the two women. Thy place of residence is beyond the expression "far away. It is an expression of thy loyalty and filial piety that thou send thy messengers and offer thy tribute. I love thee very much. I now proclaim thee King of O-Wei, and grant thee a gold seal and purple ribbon, and temporarily bestow it upon thee by attaching, attaching, and sealing the seal to the Daimusho of Obiho. Thou shalt work for filial piety (to me) by calming the tribesmen.
40、汝の使者、難升米と牛利は遠くから渡ってきて道中苦労している。今、難升米を以って率善中郎将と為し、牛利を率善校尉と為す。銀印青綬を与え、引見してねぎらい、下賜品を賜って帰途につかせる。今、絳地交龍錦五匹、絳地縐粟罽十張、倩絳五十匹、紺青五十匹を以って、汝が献じた貢ぎの見返りとして与える。また、特に汝に紺地句文錦三匹、細班華罽五張、白絹五十匹、金八両、五尺刀二口、銅鏡百枚、真珠、鉛丹各五十斤を下賜し、皆、装い、封じて難升米と牛利に付託する。帰り着いたなら記録して受け取り、これらの総てを汝の国中の人に示し、我が国が汝をいとおしんでいることを周知すればよろしい。そのために鄭重に汝の好む物を賜うのである。
Your messengers, Nansungmai and Nyuri, have come a long way and are having a hard time on the road. Now, Nansungmai shall be appointed as Jwasengchujo, and Uwuri shall be appointed as Jwasengchujo. I will give him a silver seal and a blue ribbon, and I will see him and thank him for his kindness, and give him a gift to return home. Now, I will give you five pieces of koryu brocade, ten pieces of millet, fifty pieces of qianqiu, and fifty pieces of azure blue, in return for the tribute you have offered. In particular, I give you three brocades of dark blue cloth, five fine huamao, 50 pieces of white silk, 8 ryo of gold, two 5-foot swords, 100 bronze mirrors, and 50 pounds each of pearls and leaded tan. Upon your return, record and receive them, and show them to all the people of your country, so that they may know that our country is fond of you. For this purpose, I will give you the things that you like.
41、正始元年(240)、（帯方郡）太守、弓遵は建中校尉の梯儁等を派遣し、梯儁等は詔書、印綬（＝親魏倭王という地位の認証状と印綬）を捧げ持って倭国へ行き、倭王に授けた。 並びに、詔（＝制詔）をもたらし、金、帛、錦、罽、刀、鏡、采物を下賜した。倭王は使に因って上表し、詔の有難さに感謝の意を表した。
In the first year of the reign of King Jeongjo (240), Yumi-jun, the governor of Obiho County, dispatched Jian-chung School Lieutenant, Hyeon-hyeon, and others, who took the imperial rescript and the seal and ribbon (= the certificate of the status of the King of Wei, the parent of Japan, and the seal and ribbon) to Japan and gave them to the King of Japan. They also brought an imperial decree (制詔) and gave him gold, woven cloth, brocade, swords, mirrors, and ornaments. The king of Yamato made a public appeal by messenger, expressing his gratitude for the imperial decree.
42、その（正始）四年(243)、倭王はまた使者の大夫伊聲耆、掖邪狗等八人を派遣し、生口や倭の錦、赤、青の目の細かい絹、綿の着物、白い布、丹、木の握りの付いた短い弓、矢を献上した。掖邪狗等は等しく率善中郎将の官位と印綬を授けられた
In the fourth year of the reign (243), the king also dispatched eight messengers, including Dae-huang-gi and Yi-jo-gu, to present them with raw silk, Japanese brocade, red and blue fine silk, cotton clothing, white cloth, tan, and short bows and arrows with wooden handles. The two men were equally awarded the official rank and seal ribbon of Sokuseonchulojo.
43、その（正始）六年(245)、詔して倭の難升米に黄色い軍旗を賜い、帯方郡に付託してそれを仮に授けた。
In the sixth year of the reign (245), a yellow military banner was given to Nansungmai, and it was temporarily bestowed upon Obihang-gun.
44、正始八年(247)、（弓遵の戦死を受けて）王頎が帯方郡太守に着任した。倭女王の卑弥呼は狗奴国の男王、卑弥弓呼素と和せず、倭の載斯烏越等を帯方郡に派遣して、互いに攻撃しあっている状態であることを説明した。（王頎は）塞曹掾史の張政等を派遣した。それにより詔書、黄幢をもたらして難升米に授け、檄文をつくり、これを告げて諭した。
In the 8th year (247), Wang Jun (after Yumi-zun's death in battle) assumed the position of governor of Obiho County. The Japanese queen Himiko did not make peace with the male king of the Guunu Kingdom, Himiyakoso, and sent the Japanese Daseokuro and others to Obikata County, explaining that they were attacking each other. （Wang Kun dispatched Jangjeong of Ejusaoksa and others. He brought an imperial edict and a yellow banner and gave them to Nansungmai, and made a proclamation and announced it to him.
45、卑弥呼は死に、冢を大きく作った。直径は百余歩。徇葬者は奴婢、百余人である
Himiko died, and a large temple was built. The diameter was more than 100 paces. The burial was to be by servants, a hundred and more.
46、新たに男王を立てたが、国中が不服で互いに殺しあった。当時千余人が殺された。また、卑弥呼の宗女、壱与（イヨ）、年十三、を立てて王と為し、国中が遂に治まった。張政たちは檄をもって壱与に教え諭した。
A new male king was appointed, but the whole nation was displeased and killed each other. At that time, more than 1,000 people were killed. Iyo, the daughter of Himiko, aged thirteen, was appointed king, and the nation was finally restored to order. Jangseong and his men taught Iyo with a proclamation.
奈良県立橿原考古学研究所は9日、邪馬台国の女王・卑弥呼（ひみこ）の墓との説がある同県桜井市の箸墓（はしはか）古墳（全長約280メートル、3世紀後半）で、物質を透過する宇宙線「ミューオン」を利用して敷地外から内部の様子を探る調査を実施していることを明らかにした。宮内庁が天皇・皇族関連の施設として立ち入りを厳しく規制する「陵墓」でミューオンを使った調査は初。古墳の実態解明につながるか注目される。
47、壱与は倭の大夫で率善中郎将の掖邪拘等二十人を派遣して、張政等が帰るのを送らせた。そして、臺（中央官庁）に参上し、男女の生口三十人を献上し、白珠五千孔、青大句珠二枚、模様の異なるいろいろな錦二十匹を貢いだ。
Iyo dispatched twenty men, including the Japanese general and chief of the army, Suseon Chung-jo, to send Jang-myeong and others on their way home. He then went to the central government office and presented 30 men and women with 30 live mouths, 5,000 white beads, two blue beads, and 20 pieces of brocade with different patterns.
壱与は
倭の大夫
卑弥呼の弟子
邪馬台国の女王となる
邪馬台国は海洋民族
魏志倭人伝は
日本初の正史である
北史倭国伝（原文）
倭[編集]
Yi lived on a mountain island in the sea, 3,000 miles away by land and water, southeast of Baekje and Silla.
In the Wei Dynasty, he translated and understood more than 30 countries of China, all of them called Zi, and the Yi people did not know the number of miles, but counted them in days.
Its borders extend from east to west in five months and from north to south in three months, each reaching the sea. The terrain is high in the east and low in the west. Those living in Xie Modui are also referred to as "Evil Horsemen" in the "Wei Zhi".
It is also 12,000 miles away from Lelang and Daifang counties, east of Kuaiji near Dan'er.
Since Taibo Yun, tattoos are common .
It counts from Daeho to Hwaguk, travels along the sea, passes through the country of Joseon, and crosses the sea from south to east for over 7,000 ri.
After crossing a sea more than 1,000 miles wide, known as the Great Sea, they are more than 1,000 miles to the south and reach a country. After crossing the sea for more than 1,000 miles, he is named Moruju. He also goes southeast, five hundred miles away, and lands in the country of Yidu.
Then, a hundred miles to the southeast, he goes to the country of slaves. He also traveled one hundred miles east to the country of Bumi. He traveled south for twenty days and reached the country of Touma. He then traveled south for ten days and landed for one month to reach the country of Jamatai, the capital of the Japanese kings.
During the reign of Han Dynasty Kwangmu, he sent an envoy to the court, claiming to be a physician. During the reign of Emperor An, he sent tribute and called Japan the Land of Slaves.
The Ling Emperor was peaceful, his country was in turmoil, they attacked each other, and for years they had no master. There was a woman named Himiko who could confuse people with ghosts and the people of the country would crown her king . She has no husband. There would be two men who would feed the king and deliver the word. The king has palaces, buildings, and gates, all of which are guarded by soldiers, and the laws are very strict. In the 3rd year of the Wei Jingzhuang,
After Gongsun Wenyi was killed, Himiko sent a messenger to begin paying tribute. The Wei monarch has a fake gold seal and a purple ribbon . Early in the game, Himiko died and a male king was established. Chung-chung rejected it and even killed each other to restore Himiko Zong'an-tai to the throne. He then rebuilt the Man King and took orders from the Chinese nobility. Jiangsaku was continuously employed through Jin, Song, Qi, and Liang.
Then Chen Ping, Japanese king until the 20th year of Emperor Kai, surname Amei, style Doris Bigu, named Adai Jimi, sent an envoy to Ike.
The commander of the Shangling Office visited the customs office, and the envoy, the Japanese king, regarding the heavens as his brother and the sun as his brother, went out at dawn to listen to the government, sat in the lotus seat, went out of business at sunrise, and appointed his brother. Emperor Wen said, "This is utter nonsense," so the order was changed.
The king's wife was named Jimi, there were 600 to 700 women in the harem, and the prince's name was Rigamitvri. There are no walls, and there are 12 levels of officials inside: one is great virtue, two is small virtue, two is great benevolence, two is small benevolence, two is great righteousness, two is small righteousness, two is great courtesy, two is small courtesy, two is great wisdom, two is small wisdom, two is great courtesy, small courtesy, and no capacity.
There are 120 soldiers and nuns in China who are shepherds and shepherdesses. 80 families have established Yi Yi wings and are now village heads. 10 Yini wings belong to one army Ni. Dress is men's clothes, skirts and jackets, with small sleeves and shoes painted in the shape of shoes and tied to the feet.
There are many poor people who are not allowed to use gold or silver as ornaments. In those days, clothes and flags were connected and seamless at the end, there was no crown on the head, and hair hung over the ears . During the Sui Dynasty, kings began to make crowns made of gold brocade decorated with gold and silver carved flowers. Women tied their hair back and wore skirts or skirts, both with skirts.
Daffodils are gathered for carding. Grass weaving is recommended, with miscellaneous skins as the surface and patterned skins as the edges. There are bows, arrows, knives, lances, crossbows, gongs, and axes; armor is of varnish leather and arrows of bone. There are soldiers, but no conquests. At royal gatherings, honor guard must be displayed and the music of the country played. Households may number 100,000. As the saying goes, murderers, robbers, and rapists all die, those who steal are rewarded with stolen goods, and those without wealth are not slaves.
Whenever an unjust prisoner is interrogated, if he does not accept the citation, he presses his knees with a piece of wood. Or put a small stone in boiling soup and ask people competing to explore it, the one who understands the song will die. People are very quiet and there is very little quarreling or thievery. Music includes five strings, a zither, and a flute.
There are arm tattoos, dots, and tattoos on both men and women. There is no water for fishing. There are no words, only knotted ropes carved into the wood.
They respected Buddhism, sought scriptures in Baekje, began to have letters, knew divination, and especially believed in shamans.
Every day on the first day of the lunar calendar there is shooting, opera, and drinking; the rest of the festivities are the same as in Hua. Chess, spears, and scorpions are their specialties. The climate is mild and the vegetation is holly.
The land is fertile, with plenty of water and little land. A small loop is used to hang cormorants around their necks, and when the cormorants enter the water to fight the fish, they can catch more than 100 cormorants in a day.
Vulgar people do not have pans, but eat by hand with oak leaves. Straightforward and elegant.
There are more women than men, and marriages are not same-sex; those who agree with each other marry each other.
When a woman enters her husband's house, she must first cross the fire before meeting him. Women are not jealous. The deceased gathered the coffin, relatives and guests sang and danced over the corpse, and wives and brothers were united in a white cloth.
The nobles have three years of funerals, and the common people are covered with pimples. For burial, the corpse should be placed on a boat, carried overland, or taken by small public transport. There is Mt. Aso where stones burn for no reason, but the common people think it is different because they make sacrifices and pray . Wish-fulfilling gems are blue, the size of a chicken egg, and glow at night like clouds or fish eyes.
Both Silla and Baekje are large countries with many precious things, and the Japanese respect and often interact with both.
In the third year of Daegu, his king Doris Bigu sent tribute. The envoy said: "I am the Bodhisattva of Hai Xi and the Emperor of Japan.
I heard that Bodhisattva Hai Xi and the emperor had revived Buddhism, so I sent dozens of pilgrims and monks to learn Buddhism. And the Tianzhi is safe. Emperor Lan was unhappy and said that Hong Luching had told him that if he had any books that were disrespectful to the barbarians, he should not listen to them again.
Moving on to Zhudao, looking south to the kingdom of Tamra, passing through the country of Dusima and scattered across the sea. Then east to Chiyi Kingdom and then to Zhudao Kingdom. Then east to the Kingdom of Qin, whose people are the same as those of Huaxia, they consider suspiciously indefinite.
After passing through more than ten countries, they reached the coast. They are all from the east of the Kingdom of Zhu Zi, and all of them are vassals of Japan. The Japanese king sent hundreds of people from Xiaode's generation to Taiwan, deploying guards of honor and welcoming them with drums and horns. Over the next ten days, Dali Ge Duopi sent over 200 riders to work in the suburbs. other capitals, even to its king and Shiqing. Come to pay your respects. Since then it will be extinct.
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